ELAVL1 and COVID-19: Comparing ELAVL1 expression in these different cell populations in COVID-19 patients revealed that the expression of ELAVL1 is significantly higher (Mann–Whitney U test, p-value = 0) in ciliated, FOXN4+, and secretory cells (Figure 1B) and that there was differential ELAVL1 expression based on COVID-19 severity (Figure 1C; Mann–Whitney U test, p-value = 4.41 × 10−23.