Further, we found that mesothelial, PNEC, and myofibroblasts have relatively high ELAVL1 expression in COPD, whereas alveolar type II (ATII), fibroblasts, and macrophages are among the cell types with relatively high % of ELAVL1+ cells in control (Figure 2C). This evidence concerns the gene ELAVL1 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.