NPPA and cardiac hypertrophy: The cardioprotective action in cardiomyocytes has been demonstrated by the opening of the KATP channel, increased secretion of atrial natriuretic peptides, apoptosis, inflammation suppression, cardiac hypertrophy, oxidative stress, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase–nitric oxide (NOS–NO) signaling pathways, have all been found to be positive effects of the medicinal plant [17].