These include (1) inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, (2) stimulation of insulin release, (3) stimulation of glucose uptake, (4) increase in insulin sensitivity, (5) inhibition of gluconeogenesis, (6) reduction in cellular oxidative stress, (7) reversal of dyslipidemia, (8) increase in anti-inflammatory activity, and (9) inhibition of pancreatic β-cell apoptosis. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is metabolic syndrome.