SPP1 and hypertensive disorder: After adjusting for significant factors, including age, DM, SBP, eGFR, and log-BUN, log-creatinine, log-iPTH, log-CRP, and OPN levels, the forward multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis showed that DM (p = 0.022), age (p = 0.006), SBP (p < 0.001), log-iPTH (p < 0.001), and OPN (p < 0.001) were significantly correlated with cfPWV in patients with hypertension.