In the present study, we show that an RNA trans-splicing molecule (RTM44) is able to reprogram the cancer target gene Ct-SLCO1B3 in order to express thymidine kinase from herpes simplex virus (HSVtk), rendering cancer cells sensitive to treatment with the prodrug ganciclovir in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. This evidence concerns the gene SLCO1B3 and cancer.