PIK3CA and neoplasm: Mutations of both MAPK and PI3K (Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Alpha) signalling pathways could be found in these types of tumours, along with mutations in other genes, which are associated with aggressiveness (such as TP53 (Tumour Protein P53) and EIF1AX (Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 1A Pseudogene 1) genes), mutations, and/or epigenetic modifications in the TERT (Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase) gene promoter.