The fact that a substantial proportion of the differentially expressed miRNAs might be related to established biological processes that are considered to be important in AAV pathogenesis, such as macrophage polarization, T-cell differentiation associated with IL-6/IL-6R signaling, B-cell survival and BAFF signaling, renal fibrosis and endothelial injury, lends credence to the results presented here. The gene discussed is IL6R; the disease is renal fibrosis.