RPTOR and cancer: ✓a large (~800 kDa) complex composed of 13 subunits (eIF3a—eIF3m) [167,168]✓overexpression of eIF3a, eIF3b, eIF3c, eIF3h, eIF3i, and eIF3m has been found in many cancers [169]✓eIF3b and eIF3c interact with inactive S6K1. Mitogen stimuli promote eIF3s binding to mTOR/RPTOR and activation of S6K1 by phosphorylation and subsequent dissociation [170]✓EIF3A-KD and/or EIF3C-KD decreases proliferation and cell size of normal human fibroblast IMR90 with a concomitant increase in p-RPS6 (S240/244) through activation of S6K1 [171]