Understanding immune evasion that led to the development of immunotherapies has been a breakthrough in oncology, starting with the approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) or its ligand programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) to restore anti-tumor immune response [6]. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and neoplasm.