TP53 mutations are frequently found in non-tumor hematopoietic cells in 50% of the cases of childhood low-hypodiploid B-ALL [38,51], suggesting that these cases may be a manifestation of Li-Fraumeni syndrome or other germline TP53 cancer-predisposing mutations [30,55,56]. The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is acute lymphoblastic leukemia.