TOP1 and viral infectious disease: Upon viral infection, SAFA senses dsRNA generated from virus (such as HSV-1 or VSV) replication, oligomerizes, and facilitates antiviral immunity inducing IFNβ production through interacting with DNA topoisomerase 1 (TOP1) and SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily A member 5 (SMARCA5) in human and mouse primary cells.