FOXM1 and neoplasm: In cancer cells, LDHA could be regulated by numerous transcription factors, including c-Myc, HIF-1, cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) and krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), etc. Tumor cells with reduced LDHA activity failed to maintain high ATP levels, which likely contribute to the suppression of cell proliferation [71].