The increased anaerobic glycolysis of tumor cells mainly due to the up-regulated expression or activity of key enzymes involved in glycolysis, such as hexokinase 2 (HK2), phosphofructosase kinase (PFK), pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and other key glycolytic enzymes [11, 51]. This evidence concerns the gene PKM and neoplasm.