Because of these redox modifications, ROS alter the biological functions of redox-sensitive proteins involved in most hallmarks of cancer (e.g. pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) in regulating metabolism reprogramming, receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) in sustaining proliferative signaling, p53 in evading growth suppression), thereby regulating cancer cell progression [33–35]. This evidence concerns the gene PKM and cancer.