Furthermore, during inflammation, components on the membrane of RBCEVs, including cholesterol (induces inflammation reaction), iron and myeloperoxidase (catalyst and source of ROS production, respectively), hemoglobin (activates pro-inflammatory transcription factor), and phospholipase A2 (hydrolyzes phospholipid, resulting in inflammatory mediator production), may cause vascular inflammation, leading to coronary heart disease (21, 125–127). This evidence concerns the gene MPO and coronary artery disorder.