The all-cause mortality of patients with proven IPA in this study is similar to that reported in previous studies involving Chinese patients (7, 8); second, chest CT showed that pulmonary consolidation and pleural effusion were more common in the non-survival group; third, advanced age (>60 years), increased CRP levels (>14.1 mg/L), undergoing chemotherapy, and presence of pleural effusion were risk factors for all-cause mortality in patients with proven IPA. This evidence concerns the gene CRP and Pleural effusion.