CTSD and meningioma: Further, 18 out of 32 key hub genes were included in the GSE43290 dataset, and 11 key hub genes (CTSD, DNPH1, EPN1, EXOSC4, FZD2, H2AX, MAP1S, MZT2B, RPS15, STUB1, and WDR18) showed significantly different expression between normal meningeal tissues and meningiomas (P < 0.05, Figure 4A).