Upon bacterial and viral infection or following stimulation of neutrophils with eCIRP and cytokines/chemokines, they produce neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which contain chromatin decorated with citrullinated histone H3 (citH3), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and anti-microbial peptides (7, 8). The gene discussed is MPO; the disease is viral infectious disease.