The levels of Th1 cytokines, (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-12p70, IFN-γ, TNF-α and TNF-β), Th2 cytokines, (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6 and IL-10), chemokine IL-8 (CXCL8) and Th17 (IL-17A), were quantified in 36 matched serum and saliva samples from BD patients (Table 1A), HCs, and RAS (Table 1B). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is Behcet disease.