We also validated proteomic results of three mitochondrial proteins, voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1, a mitochondria specific marker), ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A5 (NDUFA5, a marker for mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I), and ATP synthase subunit G (ATP5L, a marker of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex V) in WMLs with immunochemical (IHC) staining and found increased cellular expression of the respective proteins in the lesion centers of WMLs in progressive MS brains (Figures 3F–L) associated with cells exhibiting ramified microglia-like morphology. This evidence concerns the gene VDAC1 and myeloid sarcoma.