LEP and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: High leptin concentrations are directly associated with obesity and/or the subsequent development of metabolic disease sequelae, such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases (Ghadge and Khaire, 2019), all key risk factors associated with increased coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality (Kim et al., 2021; Mohammad et al., 2021).