More recently, natural antioxidants including epigallocatechin and naringenin have been shown to reduce oxidative damage in ECs via SIRT1 (Li H. et al., 2021; Pai et al., 2021), and an intermittent fasting regimen was found to ameliorate vascular dysfunction in a murine model of diabetes by activating the SIRT1 pathway (Hammer et al., 2021). Here, SIRT1 is linked to diabetes mellitus.