BACE1 and Alzheimer disease: BACE1 catalyzes the hydrolysis of the amyloid precursor protein, which is the rate-determining step of Aβ production; thus, it plays an essential role in the occurrence of AD and is considered a vital AD detection and therapeutic target (Esler and Wolfe, 2001; Luo et al., 2001; Evin et al., 2010).