SUMO1 and cardiac hypertrophy: In line with the protective role of SUMO1 reported in cardiac dysfunction, we further uncovered the underlying mechanisms of SUMO1 in the process of cardiac hypertrophy by the following findings: (1) SUMO1 regulates C/EBPβ protein stability; (2) The protective role of SUMO1 in cardiac hypertrophy depends on SUMOylation of C/EBPβ at K134 site; (3) Depletion of PARP1 cannot inhibit cardiac hypertrophy without SUMO1 expression in cardiomyocytes.