AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma: Six robust subgroups of HCC (G1-G6) were identified by Boyault et al. after investigating 57 HCCs by global transcriptome analysis, and HCCs involved in G1-G3, which are known to be characterized by chromosomal instability and high cell proliferation, were correlated with elevated AFP levels (AFP > 100 ng/mL; P < 0.001)15, 97.