The mRNA expression of TPRG1, cyclooxygenase (COX)1, COX2, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) 14, cyclin D1 (CCND1), histamine receptor H1 (HRH1), poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) and Raf-1 Proto-Oncogene, Serine/Threonine Kinase (RAF) was increased in the CG group compared with normal bladder specimens obtained from patients undergoing transurethral bladder tumor resection (Normal group) (Figure 1A). This evidence concerns the gene PTGS2 and urinary bladder neoplasm.