In summary (Fig. 8), we demonstrate that nicotine and vagus nerve stimulation suppress the development of Th2-type OXZ colitis probably through the activation of α7nAChRs expressed on pDCs, which is primarily attributed to the suppression of pDC migration into ILFs in the colonic mucosa via the activation of JAK2-STAT3 signaling, subsequent activation of nonapoptotic caspase-3 and eventual inactivation of Rac 1. The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is colitis.