From multivariate analysis, a serum sPD-1 level ≤ 447.27 pg/mL (p = 0.014; HR, 4.537; 95% CI 1.363–15.103) and AFP level ≥ 6.4 ng/mL (p = 0.040; HR, 5.524; 95% CI 1.084–28.164) were independently and significantly associated with HCC development during entecavir treatment (Table 3). This evidence concerns the gene AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma.