CD40 and hepatocellular carcinoma: The cumulative rates of HCC development according to the serum soluble (s) CD40 level are shown in Fig. 1C. The cumulative rates of HCC development at 3, 5, 7, and 10 years were 8.6%, 12.5%, 19.1%, and 21.9%, respectively, in patients with sCD40 ≤ 493.68 pg/mL (n = 64), and 0%, 5.4%, 5.4%, and 5.4%, respectively, in those with sCD40 > 493.68 pg/mL (n = 58) (p = 0.032).