TGFB1 and Hepatic fibrosis: At 3-year follow-up, successful Kasai portoenterostomy significantly reduced hepatic TGF-β1 and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression, while TGF-β2 expression was found to be increased (Kerola et al., 2019), signifying a central role for the TGF-β superfamily in promoting continued liver fibrosis after Kasai portoenterostomy.