Based on the results of RNA-seq with more than 2-fold upregulation in leprosy patients compared with non-leprosy controls followed by RT-PCR confirmation, the following 12 genes were identified and evaluated as the potential diagnostic biomarkers for leprosy: ATP, CCL2/MCP-1, IL-8, JAKMIP2, ND1, SERPINB2, FLJ10489, LINC00659, LOC34487, LOC101928143, MIR22, and NCF1C. The list of accession numbers/ID numbers for the genes as potential diagnostic biomarkers mentioned in the text and included in the NCBI search is shown in Supplementary Table S3. This evidence concerns the gene NCF1C and leprosy.