TERT and leukemia: For example, MLL-AF9 is a driver of the leukemia stem cell population (7); GABP increases expression of TERT in glioblastomas with a mutant TERT promoter (8); PML–RARα blocks cell differentiation in acute promyelocytic leukemia (9); RUNX1–ETO reduces CD48, thereby decreasing NK cell killing (10); Runx2 and SIX1 induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and breast cell invasion (11, 12).