Also, STAT3 can be activated through the JAK/STAT3 and Ras/Raf/MAPK pathways, which start Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) gene transcription and stimulate CML cells proliferation in vitro (Mencalha et al., 2012). Here, FOXM1 is linked to chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.