CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: It was estimated that there were 116,700 patients in the United States (United States) developing advanced NSCLC in 2020 (American Cancer Society., 2021), and nearly 25–35% of them are expected to express PD-L1 in at least 50% of tumor cells (D'Incecco et al., 2015; Kerr et al., 2015).