TNF and chronic kidney disease: High UMOD excretion leads to lower serum levels, which could activate the body’s immune function or enter the tissue interstitium, especially the damaged renal tubules, and can be combined with neutrophils to promote the synthesis of IL-8, which could induce mononuclear cells to secrete IL-1β and TNF-α, then increase the expression of IL-2 receptors and HLA class II molecules on the surface of lymphocytes, finally lead to inflammation, cause the deterioration of chronic kidney disease, and affect the prognosis of CKD patients (Kottgen et al., 2010; Satanovskij et al., 2017).