ALB and liver dysplastic nodule: An observational study involving 19 healthy controls and 71 DN patients found a strong positive correlation between urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) and urinary periostin levels, and the AUC of periostin for the diagnosis of established microalbuminuria was 0.833, indicating that periostin could be considered as reliable biomarkers in the diagnosis of DN (El-Dawla et al., 2019).