‐Downregulated lncRNA NEAT1 upregulates microRNA−381 to induce proliferation‐and repress apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells in PCOS rat,‐Through inhibiting IGF1 expression.‐LncRNA NEAT1 acted as a competing endogenous RNA to adsorb miR−381, and IGF1 was verified to be a direct target gene of miR−381. The gene discussed is IGF1; the disease is polycystic ovary syndrome.