ISLR and neoplasm: Future research should focus on the following aspects: 1) Induction of PSC quiescence to effectively block the progression of pancreatic cancer, 2) Evaluation of how pancreatic cancer cells produce and regulate the production of PSC subsets, and how PSC tumor suppressor subsets, specifically CD271 + PSC (Nielsen et al., 2020) and Meflin + PSC (Mizutani et al., 2019), are formed, and 3) Simultaneous blockade of the oncogenic effects of different PSC subgroups to treat pancreatic cancer more effectively.