Though several CX3CL1/CX3CR1 blocking agents have been developed (160–162) and anti-tumor activity was reported for CX3CR1 receptor agonists JMS-17-2 and KAND567 (162, 163), the effect of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 pathway inhibition on TAMs has not been explored. This evidence concerns the gene CX3CR1 and neoplasm.