KRAS and lung carcinoma: Interestingly, the positive relation of PD-L1 level and TP53/KRAS mutation has also been reported in lung cancer 79, and recent studies has found potential predictive value of TP53 and KRAS mutation status for response to PD-1 blockade immunotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma 80, 81 Mechanistically, recent studies have revealed that PD-L1 mRNA is regulated by oncogenic RAS signaling and TP53 mutation 82, 83.