Since chemotherapeutic drugs and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) were found to promote immune escape of NSCLC cells by upregulating PD-L1 expression 54, 55, we hypothesized that NCT-80-mediated Hsp90 blockade may enhance antitumor activities of chemotherapy and EGFR-targeting anticancer therapy. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.