These findings, together with the known importance of the AR-NTD for development of CRPC, the notion that longer polyQ sequences in the AR-NTD may protect against prostate cancer, and our finding that low complexity sequences mediate AR-KDM4A interactions, led us to investigate how polyQ length affects the ability of AR-NTD to phase separate. The gene discussed is KDM4A; the disease is prostate carcinoma.