These pathways describe key signaling cascades including MAPK kinase, ErbB, Ras, Wnt, Hedgehog, transforming growth factor-beta, vascular endothelial–derived growth factor (VEGF), Apelin, JAK-STAT, NF-kappa B, tumor necrosis factor, HIF-1, PI3K/Akt, AMPK, mTOR signaling, energy metabolism, and virus and bacterial infections. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is bacterial infectious disease.