PDCD1 and urinary bladder cancer: The parameter sensitivity results indicate that therapies (monotherapies or combination therapies) that reduce the natural growth rate of tumor cells, increase the death rate of tumor cells by cytotoxic T-cells (e.g., the use of antibodies to target the immune checkpoint PD-1/PD-L1 pathway to active cytotoxic T-cells), and/or decreasing fractional occupancy of FGFR3 dimer complexes on tumor cells (e.g., the use of anti-FGFR3 drugs to target the FGFR3 pathway) will be effective in controlling and treating bladder cancer with FGFR3 mutation.