Reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) analysis of Y chromosome genes in a panel of samples diagnosed with low/high grade prostate adenocarcinoma and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), as well as PC cell lines showed the differential expression patterns of Y chromosome genes such as SRY, PRY, TSPY, RBMYIH, SMCY, ZFY and EIF1AY in PC [130, 131]. Here, TSPY1 is linked to benign prostatic hyperplasia.