Non-microbiological analysis of the synovial fluid white cell count and polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes, alpha-defensin, leukocyte esterase (LE), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were included in the new definition of PJI from the Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) guideline of 2018 [10]. The gene discussed is CRP; the disease is infection.