INS and ischemia: In this regard, even if the TSC complex’s role in regulating mTORC1 in vivo remains under-explored, one study [62] provides insights that indirectly link this gene with DR as it demonstrated that improved insulin sensitivity following short-term protein restriction (PR) required TSC1 for facilitating increased pro-survival signalling after injury, and contributed to PR-mediated resistance to clinically significant hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury.