Animal models show that expression of Ubash3b is an early transcriptomic-based biomarker of gestational calorie restriction which may drive programmed susceptibility to obesity and other chronic diseases in later life,41 and expression of UBASH3B in peripheral blood is also strongly associated with BMI and other measures of adiposity in humans (Supplementary Table 17).42 Our results thus identify UBASH3B as a potential mediator of both genetic and environmental exposures underlying adiposity and cardiometabolic disease. The gene discussed is UBASH3B; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.