WNT3A and autoimmune disease: Previous studies have shown that GMSCs play an important role in the treatment of autoimmune diseases or inflammatory diseases, such as inhibiting the production of osteoclasts and bone erosion in autoimmune arthritis.144 A study by Wu et al. showed that the transcription level of Wnt3a in GMSCs was high, and the CD39-specific inhibitor POM-1 inhibited the expression of Wnt3a and reduced the level of β-catenin, ultimately leading to loss of the osteogenic ability of GMSCs.