As shown in Fig. 9, the protein expressions of TLR4, TRAF6, MyD88, p-IκΒα, NF-κB p65 and the ratio of p-IκBα/IκBα in oral mucosa in T2DM + OU and T2DM + SH + OU groups were obviously increased compared with normal control group (P < 0.05). The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.