ALB and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: We observed that albumin levels of  < 35 g/L were associated with a higher risk of CVD in patients with ALD (adjusted HR: 1.20, CI 1.10–1.32), autoimmune liver disease (adjusted HR: 1.55, CI 1.26–1.91), HBV (adjusted HR: 2.39, CI 1.54–3.71), HCV (adjusted HR: 1.75, CI 1.29–2.39) or NAFLD (adjusted HR: 1.59, CI 1.42–1.79).