PVX displaying TNF related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) was used to promote the recruitment and activation of death receptors in vitro in HCC-38 primary ductal carcinoma, BT-549 ductal carcinoma and the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines (Le et al., 2017; Röder et al., 2018). This evidence concerns the gene TNFSF10 and hepatocellular carcinoma.