CTLA4 and hepatocellular carcinoma: ICIs are able to contrast immune checkpoint-related molecules - including programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) (13, 14) – and these agents have been recently tested and are under evaluation in HCC patients.